Kratom, scientifically called Mitragyna Speciosa, is a tropical tree found and used in Southeast Asia (Thailand, Myanmar, and Malaysia) for centuries. Recently, it has gained popularity in the Western world, specifically for its alkaloid content. There are 25 alkaloids that contribute to kratom’s efficacy. Among them, mitragynine and 7-hydroxy mitragynine are the most significant due to their unique properties and effects.
Overview of Alkaloids in Kratom
Among 25 alkaloids present in kratom, mitragynine constitutes about 66% of the total alkaloid content and 7 hydroxymitragynine is 2%. Though 7 hydroxymitragynine is present in lesser quantities, it has considerably high potency. The interaction between these alkaloids has a significant effect on kratom’s profile.
Table of Contents
What is 7 Hydroxymitragynine?
7 hydroxymitragynine is derived from mitragynine and is known as a minor alkaloid found in kratom. It has a relatively higher potency than mitragynine, even at lower concentrations. 7-OH can act as an alternative to morphine in a dependent manner, which raises concerns about its potential for physical dependence and addiction.
Chemical Structure
Mitragynine is known as a core indole alkaloid containing a methoxy group (-OCH3) instead of a hydroxyl group (-OH) at the 7th carbon position. Its molecular formula is more stable than 7-hydroxy mitragynine. This structural stability is the main reason behind the longer duration of action of mitragynine and a slower metabolism.
Kratom contains a higher concentration of mitragynine. The receptors of meter genius in the body contribute to Kratom’s effects.
What is Mitragynine?
Mitragynine is the main alkaloid in kratom constituting most of the plant’s alkaloid content. It interacts with the receptors in the body to manifest the effects of kratom. Mitragynine plays a role as a precursor of 7 hydroxymitragynine during metabolism and helps in the formation of 7-OH.
Chemical Structure
Mitragynine is known as a core indole alkaloid containing methoxy group (-OCH3) instead of hydroxyl group (-OH) at 7th carbon position. Its molecular formula is having greater stability than 7 hydroxymitragynine. This structural stability is the main reason behind longer duration of action of mitragynine and slower metabolism.
Kratom contains higher concentration of mitragynine. The receptors of metre genius in the body contribute to Kratom’s effects.
Availability of 7 Hydroxy and Mitragynine
Mitragynine and 7 hydroxymitragynine are available in various forms depending on the kratom product. These include:
Kratom Leaves: Naturally contains a higher concentration of mitragynine and a trace amount of 7 hydroxymitragynine.
Crushed Kratom Powder: Ground form of dried kratom leaves wthat contain a balanced alkaloid profile.
Kratom Capsules: Powder is encapsulated as capsules to be consumed easily.
Kratom Extracts: Contains enhanced levels of mitragynine and sometimes 7 hydroxymitragynine in concentrated forms.
Enhanced Kratom Products: Contains higher amounts of 7 hydroxymitragynine due to undergoing more processing and additional extraction.
Tinctures and Liquid Extracts: Readily available to consume and are highly potent.
The knowledge of various forms of alkaloids is helpful to choose the best kratom products according to your needs.
Basic Differences between 7 Hydroxymitragynine and Mitragynine
Both mitragynine and 7 hydroxymitragynine are structurally similar, with a minor difference between them. This minor structural difference creates a huge difference in their functions and, thus, their mechanism of action in the body. Here, we will discuss how both differ from each other concerning various features:
Potency
7 hydroxymitragynine is considerably more potent than mitragynine. Even smaller concentrations of 7 hydroxymitragynine have a significant effect as compared to mitragynine.
Taste
The taste of both alkaloids is bitter. However, 7 hydroxymitragynine has a more intense taste because of its concentrated nature.
Availability
Kratom leaves contain a high proportion of mitragynine naturally which makes it instantly available in most Kratom products. On the other hand, 7 hydroxymitragynine is present in lesser amounts, which often requires extraction or concentration.
Therapeutic Effects
Mitragynine gives milder and more gradual effects than 7 hydroxymitragynine. The latter shows an immediate and stronger response.
Duration of action
Mitragynine’s effects last longer as it has a slow metabolism. On the other hand, 7-hydroxymitragynine has a quick action but a shorter half-life.
Dosage
Being more potent, 7 hydroxymitragynine is required in a very small amount to achieve desired effects. Since mitragynine is less potent, a higher dosage is required to achieve comparable results.
Effects on body Metabolism
The liver metabolizes mitragynine and 7 hydroxymitragynine to exert its effects. However, 7-OH is an active metabolite itself which is immediately absorbed and utilised by the body .
Safety Profile
FDA has approved the use of both these alkaloids for therapeutic purposes but carefully. Mitragynine is considered relatively safer than 7 hydroxymitragynine which requires more cautious use.
Stability
Mitragynine is relatively more stable and can be retained for a longer period of time without undergoing degradation in its structure. However, 7-hydroxymitragynine is less stable and more prone to changes in its structure, affected by environmental factors such as light and oxygen, which may affect its potency.
Legality
The legal status of both mitragynine and 7 hydroxymitragynine varies from state to state. The use of mitragynine is more commonly acceptable, while the use of 7 hydroxy undergoes strict regulations.
Possible Side Effects
A controlled dosage of both mitragynine and 7 hydroxymitragynine is usually unrelated to side effects. However, an overdose may result in dizziness, discomfort, or nausea. Before using any of these alkaloids, one should always follow the proper dosage and use guidelines.
Advantages of combining 7 Hydroxy with Mitragynine
The combination of 7 hydroxymitragynine with mitragynine in an appropriate ratio gives more significant results. Mitragynine is slow and mild in action but acts for a longer duration while 7 hydroxy mitragynine has stronger and faster action for a shorter duration. The synergistic application of both these alkaloids can enhance the overall kratom experience by prolonging effects and reducing the high intensity.
A carefully balanced combination of mitragynine and 7 hydroxymitragynine also saves from potential side effects, which have a high risk when either of these alkaloids is used alone. While preparing this combination, it is important to choose an appropriate source to ensure that the product maintains a natural alkaloid ratio and does not undergo any artificial alterations.
How to choose the right Kratom?
The choice of a kratom is based on several factors like intended use, tolerance level, and individual preferences. Here are some points to consider while choosing a kratom for use:
Strain type: There are different strain types of kratom such as green, red, and white vein varieties. Each strain has a unique composition of alkaloids.
Alkaloid composition: Keep in mind the difference between mitragynine and seven hydroxymitragynine before making a decision of use. Some strains may have a higher concentration of one alkaloid than the other.
Source and purity: Prefer to purchase kratom from trusted and reputable vendors who ensure third-party lab testing to double-check the purity and alkaloid content.
Form of kratom: There are several forms of kratom, such as capsules, powders, extracts, and enhanced blends. Consider the dosage as extracts may have a higher concentration of 7 hydroxymitragynine.
Personal Tolerance and Effects: Kratom can have different effects on different individuals. Start with lower doses and then adjust the dose based on personal experience.
Consider these factors to select the best kratom strain and tailor them according to your needs.
Conclusion
7 hydroxymitragynine and mitragynine are the two most important alkaloids in kratom, each with unique features. It is important to be well-informed about the key differences between them before using them for your needs and preferences. While both are responsible for exhibiting kratom’s effects, one should use them carefully.
FAQs
How much stronger is 7OH than mitragynine?
Even a smaller quantity of 7 hydroxymitragynine is quite more potent than mitragynine. However, the effect may vary depending on the individual and the specific product used.
How strong is 7-hydroxymitragynine compared to morphine?
Since both of them are different compounds however, 7 hydroxymitragynine is more stronger than morphine.
What is the bioavailability of 7 OH mitragynine?
The bioavailability of mitragynine in oral administration is 3.03%. This may be due to its poor solubility, which results in a lower absorption percentage.
What is the difference between mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine?
7-hydroxymitragynine is the oxidized version of mitragynine. Though the change is small, it makes a big change in how it interacts with the body. Kratom contains a higher concentration of mitragynine and a lower concentration of 7 hydroxymitragynine.
Is 7-hydroxymitragynine safe to take?
If consumed in an appropriate concentration, 7 hydroxymitragynine is safe and effective.
William Clark is a freelance writer for the health and wellness industry, specialising in mental health and alternative health. He is also an avid proponent of Kratom and its benefits. His wild adventures in the quest for knowledge took him to the farthest corners of Southeast Asia, home to many kratom plantations. Here, he got to witness the age-old practices of kratom use. He uncovered exciting stories about kratom use and loved sharing his knowledge with site readers.
